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The role of H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters in ion-induced aerosol nucleation mechanisms in the boreal forest


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The role of H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters in ion-induced aerosol nucleation mechanisms in the boreal forest
The role of H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters in ion-induced aerosol nucleation mechanisms in the boreal forest The role of H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters in ion-induced aerosol nucleation mechanisms in the boreal... Chao Yan et al.
Chao Yan1, Lubna Dada1, Clémence Rose1, Tuija Jokinen1, Wei Nie1,2, Siegfried Schobesberger1,3, Heikki Junninen1,4, Katrianne Lehtipalo1, Nina Sarnela1, Ulla Makkonen5, Olga Garmash1, Yonghong Wang1, Qiaozhi Zha1, Pauli Paasonen1, Federico Bianchi1, Mikko Sipilä1, Mikael Ehn1, Tuukka Petäjä1,2, Veli-Matti Kerminen1, Douglas R. Worsnop1,6, and Markku Kulmala1,2,7 Chao Yan et al. Chao Yan1, Lubna Dada1, Clémence Rose1, Tuija Jokinen1, Wei Nie1,2, Siegfried Schobesberger1,3, Heikki Junninen1,4, Katrianne Lehtipalo1, Nina Sarnela1, Ulla Makkonen5, Olga Garmash1, Yonghong Wang1, Qiaozhi Zha1, Pauli Paasonen1, Federico Bianchi1, Mikko Sipilä1, Mikael Ehn1, Tuukka Petäjä1,2, Veli-Matti Kerminen1, Douglas R. Worsnop1,6, & Markku Kulmala1,2,7
1Institute for Atmospheric và Earth System Research / Physics,Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki,Finland 2Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric & EarthSystem Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University,Nanjing, 210046, china 3Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211Kuopio, Finland 4Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia 5Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland 6Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA 7Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center forSoft Matter Science & Engineering, Beijing University of ChemicalTechnology, Beijing, 100029, trung quốc
1Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research / Physics,Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 64, 00014, Helsinki,Finland 2Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric và EarthSystem Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University,Nanjing, 210046, đài loan trung quốc 3Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211Kuopio, Finland 4Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia 5Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland 6Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA 7Aerosol và Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center forSoft Matter Science và Engineering, Beijing University of ChemicalTechnology, Beijing, 100029, trung quốc

Correspondence: Chao Yan (chao.yan


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Received: 19 Feb 2018 – Discussion started: 10 Apr 2018 – Revised: 11 Aug 2018 – Accepted: 22 Aug 2018 – Published: 13 Sep 2018

New particle formation (NPF) provides a large source ofatmospheric aerosols, which affect the climate and human health. In recent chamber studies, ion-induced nucleation (IIN) has been discovered as an important pathway of formingparticles; however, atmospheric investigationremains incomplete. For this study, we investigated the air anioncompositions in the boreal forest in southern Finland for three consecutive springs, witha special focus on H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters. We foundthat the ratio between the concentrations of highly oxygenated organicmolecules (HOMs) và H2SO4 controlled the appearance ofH2SO4-NH3 clusters (3no.S13): all suchclusters were observed when  ∕  was smaller than30. The number of H2SO4 molecules in the largest observablecluster correlated with the probability of ion-induced nucleation (IIN)occurrence, which reached almost 100 % when the largest observablecluster contained six or more H2SO4 molecules. During selectedcases when the time evolution of H2SO4-NH3 clusterscould be tracked, the calculated ion growth rates exhibited good agreementacross measurement methods and cluster (particle) sizes. In these cases,H2SO4-NH3 clusters alone could explain ion growth up to3 nm (mobility diameter). IIN events also occurred in the absence ofH2SO4-NH3, implying that other NPF mechanisms also prevail at this site, most likely involving HOMs. It seems thatH2SO4 & HOMs both affect the occurrence of an IIN event, buttheir ratio ( ∕ ) defines the primary mechanismof the event. Since that ratio is strongly influenced by solar radiation andtemperature, the IIN mechanism ought lớn vary depending on conditions & seasons.